The world human population is on the increase with a parallel increase in food demand; therefore, food production must increase to meet the need. Soilless cultivation, frequently termed also hydroponics, is a modern technology and offer the opportunity to at least augment traditional soil-based growing systems. The increased interest in the commercial application of soilless cultivation in the last decades, has encouraged intensive research activity focusing on the development of new growing systems and understanding the crop physiology and quality aspects. Soilless cultivation includes all systems of plant growth either on porous substrates or on pure nutrient solution (NS) instead of the natural soil. The cultivation on substrates is worldwide the most frequently used soilless technique for the production of vegetables and cut flowers. Water culture systems such as floating hydroponics-DFT, Nutrient Film Technique-NFT and aeroponics are mainly used for leafy vegetable production.